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Insurance-based medicine comes with time limits and coverage restrictions that reward volume over depth. My practice is built differently. I have time to actually know your case, run the right labs, and adjust your plan as things change.

Yes. All services are HSA/FSA eligible. I'll provide you with a superbill after each visit that you can submit directly to your HSA/FSA administrator or insurance for potential reimbursement.

If you enter the 6-month program, yes — labs are required before we begin. This is how we build a plan based on your actual body, not guesswork.

That said, if you've had a comprehensive lab workup done recently, bring it. We'll take a look together. Most standard panels from a PCP are a starting point, but functional medicine uses a more in-depth panel that looks at optimal ranges, not just whether something is technically "normal." Depending on what you already have, we may be able to fill in the gaps rather than start from scratch.

If you'd rather start with a conversation before any labs at all, the consultation visit is the right first step.

Gut health is one of my specialties. Depending on your initial workup, a functional stool test may be recommended as an add-on (+$450). We'll walk through whether it makes sense for you.

Yes; this is one of the most common things I hear. Conventional "normal" ranges are wide. Functional medicine looks at optimal ranges and often finds meaningful patterns that standard labs miss. If you feel off, there's usually a reason.

I recommend paying cash for your initial lab panel, and here's why: insurance coverage for functional medicine labs has become increasingly restrictive. Many of the tests I run are flagged as "not medically necessary" by insurance companies and denied — leaving patients with unexpected bills. I've had patients receive invoices over $3,000 for labs that would have cost a fraction of that paid upfront.

The cash-pay panel is a known, predictable cost. No surprises.

Once we're in follow-up care and targeting specific markers, we can revisit whether insurance makes sense for any individual tests at that point.